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Once a creditor deposits or cashes a full payment check, they can't come after you for the balance. (Even if they strike out the words "payment in full" or write "I don't agree" on the check.) The states in which this law is enforced: Arkansas Colorado Connecticut Georgia Kansas Louisiana Maine Michigan Nebraska New Jersey North Carolina Oregon Pennsylvania Texas Utah Vermont Virginia Washington Wyoming Certain states have modified this law. In the following states, if a creditor cashes a full payment check and explicitly retains their right to sue you by adding "under protest" or" without prejudice" along with their endorsement, then they can come after you for the remaining balance. Those exact words must be used. If they write "without recourse," on the check,or other indication that is partial payment, it is not enough. If they communicate to you verbally or in writing , separate from the check itself, that is not sufficient either. They MUST use the EXACT words above, on the check itself. States following the modified law are: Alabama Delaware Massachusetts Minnesota Missouri New Hampshire New York Ohio Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota West Virginia Wisconsin Here is a great article regarding paid in full checks. Paid Also a link to the U.C.C.: LII: UCC - Locator |
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Here is another example of a PFD letter that a friend of mine gave me permission to post.......he called it the ultimate PFD letter because he used it twice and it worked for him both times. Feb 9, 2007 First Renegade Assurance Address, State Re: Acct# 123456 OC Regarding OC and the above account number, please find enclosed payment by personal check#123, in the amount of $X to be considered payment in full on the alleged balance of $xx. As per our agreement, this payment will prevent the reporting of my account to all three credit bureas. Regardless of the total amount you have alleged is owed, this payment represents payment in full and is made on the following conditions: 1. By cashing this check, First Renegade Assurance agrees not to report any information about this account to any of the credit bureaus. 2. Any and all inquiries and negative trade lines made by First Renegade Assurance and/or OC will be deleted from Mike G's credit reports within 10 business days. 3. No accounts will be verified to any of the credit bureaus. 4. Mike G will be provided a letter from First Renegade Assurance stating that the account is closed and will not be verified to any CRA or other third parties. 5. First Renegade Assurance is prohibited from selling, assigning, or otherwise transferring this account to any third party CA. If these terms are agreeable and acceptable, please accept the enclosed check for $x. Please note that cashing the enclosed check will bind you to the terms set forth in this letter. Mike G *On the check he wrote "by cashing check FRA agrees to permanently delete any/all information from all CRAs" |
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For restrictive endorsements, it is preferable that your state allows them. That's where it will be enforced but you'll also want to check to see if it's allowed in the OC/CA's state. Even though you'll be enforcing it in your state, there is no guarantee they won't fight it if their state doesn't allow it.
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Sec. 1207. (1) A party who with explicit reservation of rights performs or promises performance or assents to performance in a manner demanded or offered by the other party does not thereby prejudice the rights reserved. Such words as “without prejudice”, “under protest” or the like are sufficient. (2) Subsection (1) does not apply to an accord and satisfaction. History: 1962, Act 174, Eff. Jan. 1, 1964 ;-- Am. 1993, Act 130, Eff. Sept. 30, 1993 © 2009 Legislative Council, State of Michigan So does this mean that accords and satisfactions are not enforcible even if they write Under protest on the check? Thanks for your help. |
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OK also I was reading this section. Under sections UCC3 -311 It is very confusing but there looks to be a way out for the creditor and there is a lot you have to do to establish this accord and satisfaction. can you break it down for me in lay mens terms. this is very confusing. here is the link Michigan Legislature thanks again |
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Well, I was able to look over that link a bit. Yes, it is confusing. I do not claim to understand all of it. I have stayed up many nights trying to comprehend that crap. What I do know is that when researching restrictive endorsements.......you should be looking under the section "negotiable instruments". I did a little more looking in that area of the Michigan UCC and found negotiable instruments (section 3204) but where I believe the law applies is in section 3206.Take a look and tell me if that makes a little more sense. Michigan Legislature |
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| accord and satisfaction, pay for delete, pfd, restrictive endorsements |
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